const strings = ['a','b','c','d']; //push , adding elements to the last of the array strings.push('e');//O(1) console.log(strings) // pop , removing elements from the last of the array strings.pop();//O(1) console.log(strings) // unshift , add an element to the first of the array strings.unshift('x');//O(n) console.log(strings) //splice , adding elements to the mddle of the sarray strings.splice(2,0,'alien');//O(n) console.log(strings)